Intensive Care

Pressure-Volume Loop — Series: #1–2

Pressure-Volume Loop #2: Inotropy, Contractility, and Afterload

Pressure-Volume Loop #1: Preload and Compliance

PDA-Dependent Circulation: Pulmonary vs. Systemic Blood Flow

Left-to-Right vs Right-to-Left Shunting: Core Physiology

Fenestrated Fontan: Physiology, Technique, and Management

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics: Bernoulli, Poiseuille & Flow Regimes

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics: Ohm’s Law & Laplace’s Law

Right-to-Left Shunting: Physiology and Representative Lesions

Left-to-Right Shunting: Basic Physiology and Representative Lesions

Systemic-Pulmonary Shunt: Modified BTT Shunt and Surgical Strategies

Physiology after TOF Repair: RV Restriction, LV Preload, and Residual VSD

Pulmonary Artery Banding (PAB) — Series: #1–6

Pulmonary Artery Banding #6: Bilateral PA Banding

Pulmonary Artery Banding #5: Main PA Banding Technique

Pulmonary Artery Banding #2: PAB in Biventricular Repair

Pulmonary Artery Banding #1: Concept and Physiology

PDA-Dependent Circulation #3: PGE₁—Why It Matters and Key Cautions

PDA-Dependent Circulation #2: Systemic Ductal Dependence

PDA-Dependent Circulation #1: Ductal Pulmonary Blood Flow

Single-Ventricle Circulation: From Parallel Flow to Fontan Series Circulation

LVAD Hemodynamics: Interpreting RAP, LAP, and Inlet Pressure

Shunts and Collaterals: SP shunts, Pulmonary AVM, and VV collaterals

Right Ventricle: The Second Systemic Pump

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics #5: Laplace’s Law

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics #4: Laminar vs Turbulent Flow

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics #3: Hagen–Poiseuille’s Law

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics #2: Bernoulli’s Principle

Fundamental Principles of Hemodynamics #1: Hemodynamic Ohm’s Law in Circulation

Right-to-Left Shunting #2: Representative Lesions

Right-to-Left Shunting #1: Basic Physiology

Left-to-Right Shunting #2: Representative Lesions

Left-to-Right Shunting #1: Basic Physiology

Systemic-Pulmonary Shunt #3: BTT Shunt vs RV-PA Shunt

Systemic-Pulmonary Shunt #1: Modified BTT Shunt

Tet Spell in the OR #1: Physiologic Stabilization Before Definitive Repair

Shunts and Collaterals #3: Veno-venous Collaterals

Shunts and Collaterals #2: Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations

Shunts and Collaterals #1: Systemic-to-Pulmonary Shunts

Balancing Pulmonary Flow & Cardiac Function

Glenn Circulation #7: High-Risk Indicators for Fontan Completion

Glenn Circulation #6: Pulsatile Glenn

Glenn Circulation #5: Why Glenn Circulation Fails Over Time

Glenn Circulation #4: The Glenn Paradox

Glenn Circulation #3: Determinants of Post-Glenn SpO₂

Glenn Circulation #2: Cavopulmonary Anastomosis

Glenn Circulation #1: Principle of Stage 2 Palliation

Lymphatic Circulation #3: Failure in Fontan Circulation

Lymphatic Circulation #2: What Drives Lymph Flow?

Qp/Qs in Single Ventricle: Bedside Approximation

Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis: Perioperative Strategy

Physiology after TOF Repair #3: Residual VSD—Same Finding, Different Physiology

Physiology after TOF Repair #2: Restrictive Physiology

Physiology after TOF Repair #1: Pre- and Postoperative Hemodynamics

Peripheral VA-ECMO #3: Afterload and LV Decompression

Tricuspid Valve #4: TR Physiology

Residual VSD — Not All the Same

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) — #7 Postoperative Management

Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA) — #7 Postoperative Management

Fontan Circulation — Pressure Gradient

Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum (PA/IVS)

Restrictive Right Ventricular Physiology

Postoperative Hypertension after Coarctation Repair

LVEDP—Beyond “Preload”

Chronic Hypoxemia — more than “low O₂”

Aortic Pressure Components — Clinical Insights

Lymphatic Circulation

Core Hyperthermia Before Cardiac Surgery

Modified BTT Shunt vs RV–PA Conduit in the Norwood Circulation

Fundamental Laws of Hemodynamics

Post-Repair Left Ventricular Response — Beyond “Afterload Mismatch”

EF Drop After Volume Overload Relief

BTT Shunt

Pulmonary Artery Banding (PAB)

PV Loop -Preload, Afterload, and Inotropy-

PV Loop and Inotropy

PV Loop and Afterload

PV Loop and Preload

Pressure-Volume Loop

Rethinking the RV: It’s the “Second Systemic Pump”

Right-Side vs Left-Heart Failure

ECMO & Mixing zone

ECMO & Afterload

Residual VSD: It’s Not All the Same

PDA-Dependent Circulation

Blood Pressure: Understand the Equation

Desaturation in Single Ventricle Physiology

Single Ventricle Physiology

SvO₂: A Window into O₂ Delivery vs. Demand

Estimating Intracardiac Pressures

Meaning of Aortic Pressure Components

RAP is lower than LAP